Combination Nanoparticle Systems: Diuretics + ACE Inhibitors/Beta Blockers for Synergistic Treatment of CHF

Author

Soumyaranjan Sahoo, Om Prakash Panda

Abstract

  Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mor-tality globally. Standard pharmacological management involves the concurrent use of diuretics to reduce fluid overload and ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers to decrease vascular resistance and cardiac remodeling. However, the systemic administration of these free drugs is often limited by poor bioavailability, rapid clearance, and ad-verse systemic side effects. This paper presents a novel approach utilizing polymeric nanoparticle systems for the co-delivery of diuretics (e.g., Furosemide) and ACE inhibitors (e.g., Enalapril) to achieve synergistic therapeutic outcomes. Biodegrad-able Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles were engineered to encapsu-late both agents, providing sustained release and targeted delivery. Physicochemical characterization demonstrated optimal size, high entrapment efficiency, and favor-able release kinetics. In-vivo models exhibited significant improvement in cardiac output parameters, including Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF), alongside a substantial reduction in CHF symptoms. This dual-targeted nanoplatform miti-gates systemic toxicity and maximizes the synergistic potential of the combination therapy, offering a promising paradigm shift in the chronic management of heart failure.

Keywords

Nanoparticles, Congestive Heart Failure, Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, Syn-ergistic Therapy, PLGA.

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