International Journal of Advance Research Publication and Reviews

International Journal of Advance Research Publication and Reviews
Peer-Reviewed | Multi-Disciplinary Journal

ISSN: 3049-0103 (O)

Impact Factor: 4.33

Morphometric Analysis of Gullies in Amire Ukiriki Watershed Benue State, Nigeria

Author

Matthew Olumide Adepoju, Hyelpamduwa Yaro, Alaga Taofik Abayomi, Iliya Joshua Jerome, Kenneth Uchua Abagu, Nasiru Aliyu, Tallen Abubakar Sadiq

Abstract

 Morphometric analysis of a watershed greatly enhances the understanding of how drainage morphometry influences landforms, their characteristics and gully development potential. This study sought to analysed morphometric of gullies in Amire Ukiriki watershed of Benue State, Nigeria, to inform erosion control strategies focusing on determining the geometry of gully channels, analyzing watershed morphometric parameters, and examining their interrelationships. The study employed field measurements, GIS, and remote sensing techniques to assess gully dimensions (length, depth, width, slope angle, cross-sectional area and volume of material removed) on 15 selected gullies and Watershed parameters (linear, geometric, aerial and relief aspects of the River Amire Ukiriki Watershed) were derived from Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) via GIS and remote sensing techniques. Pearson's Product Moment Correlation was employed to evaluate relationships. Results revealed gullies with lengths ranging from 46–82m, depths of 3.6–10.6m, and cross-sectional areas of 30.24–268.18m², with U-shaped forms predominant (46.7%), indicating mature erosion stages. The watershed, classified as a 7th-order dendritic system exhibited mean bifurcation ratio (5.53), high drainage density (3.83 km/km²), stream frequency (21.54 streams/km²), and an elongated shape (elongation ratio=0.44), suggesting prolonged runoff and erosion susceptibility where geological structures control the basin’s shape. Strong positive correlations (r>0.895, p<0.01) were found between gully depth, width, cross-sectional area, and soil volume removed (total 34,700.42m³), while gully length positively correlated with bifurcation ratio (r = 0.884). Watershed parameters such as stream frequency, drainage density, bifurcation ratio, elevation and slope are closely interrelated and impact how water is distributed across the landscape, thereby influencing erosion potential. These findings underscore the influence of drainage network complexity and slope on gully development. The study recommended the need for implementation of integrated watershed management plan focusing on reducing peak runoff and enhancing infiltration, including vegetative stabilization and structural interventions to mitigate erosion and enhance environmental sustainability in the study area.

Keywords

Morphometric Analysis, Gully Erosion, Watershed Management, Soil Erosion, Geospatial Analysis, Land Degradation, GIS and Remote Sensing, Amire Ukiriki Watershed, Benue State, Nigeria

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